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In orchestration, the contra-alto clarinet's playing is as fast as that of the bass clarinet. The instrument can be played sitting down or standing up with the help of a peg or a strap. On the curved clarinets ("paper clip") the bell is in the upper part of the instrument. It is located in the lowest part of the instrument. The contra-alto clarinet has a curved bell, mainly made of metal, which is necessary for sound projection. Modern contra-alto clarinets have a double (or even triple) automatic stop key. In the altissimo range, the fingerings on the contra-alto clarinet are sometimes different from those on the higher clarinets. For this the instrument must be longer and have additional keys which the player operates with the right thumb and/or little fingers (as with the basset horn). Some models go down to D or C (sounding contra E♭). The range of most contra-alto clarinets extends downwards to low E♭ (sounding contra G♭ 1). Today's contra-alto clarinets are mainly based on the Boehm system, although models with the German system also existed in the past.

Ripamonti, Italian manufacturer: model 322 in rosewood, to d (written).Leblanc USA / Vito: Model L7181 in Reso-Tone material to E flat (written).

1968–1969): model 1440 made of ebonite, to written E♭ (written), with 18 keys and 7 plateau keys.

Conn-Selmer USA (1980 onwards), Bundy (from 1970 to 1980), Buescher ( c.

Model Prestige 1553 made of grenadilla, 19 keys.

Metal model patented in 1891 for Evette and Schaeffer (patent FR218373/5).

Model 26/40 in rosewood to written E, E♭, or D.

Other makers of contra-alto clarinets have developed mainly stretched models. Model 352 was straight in a bass clarinet-shape to written low E♭. The curved shape makes the instrument much easier to transport than the traditional straight, non-dismantled model. These models also have three trill keys on the right side of the upper joint. Model 350 was in a curved shape (known as a paperclip) and went to written low C.

Georges Leblanc Paris built two models of a contra-alto clarinet in E-flat, Model 350 and 352, from metal.

Around 1880 the Italian clarinet maker Alessandro Maldura built a contra alto clarinet in E ♭ of grenadilla wood with 14 keys, 1.93 m long, which he called Clarone grande, exhibited at the 1881 Italian National Exhibition in Milan.

The pitch of this instrument today identifies it as a contra alto clarinet.

This is the case with a contra clarinet tuned in E♭, whose written lowest tone is the small E♭ (E-flat 3), as with most clarinets. In 1851, Adolphe Sax applied for a patent for an instrument, he called "contrabass clarinet in E♭" in order to replace the bowed contrabass of symphony orchestras in wind bands with an instrument whose lowest sounding note is contra-G or G1, like the contrabass.Albert also developed an alto clarinet in F, but without the additional basset notes typical of the basset horn notated C to it. Around 1890 the Belgian clarinet maker Eugène Albert or his son E.In 1829, Johann Heinrich Gottlieb Streitwolf, an instrument maker in Göttingen, introduced an instrument tuned in F in the shape and fingering of a basset horn, which could be called a contrabasset horn because it played an octave lower than it.The contra-alto clarinet is largely a development of the 2nd half of the 20th century, although there were some precursors in the 19th century: 5 CD recordings with contra-alto clarinet.